How much do you know about the terms commonly used in the Internet of Things? (A)

How much do you know about the terms commonly used in the Internet of Things? (A)
As the concept of the Internet of Everything is proposed, the Internet of Things is becoming more and more known to the public, and more and more terms related to it. Therefore, I have compiled some terms related to the Internet of Things here to help everyone better understand the Internet of Things.

1. IOT (The Internet of things)

The Internet of Things is an important part of a new generation of information technology. As the name implies, the Internet of Things is the Internet of things connected. This has two meanings:

First, the core and foundation of the Internet of Things is still the Internet, which is an extension and expansion network based on the Internet;

Second, its user end extends and extends to any item and Information exchange and communication between items.

Therefore, the definition of the Internet of Things is to use radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners and other information sensing equipment to connect any item to the Internet according to an agreed agreement to carry out information Exchange and communication to realize the intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management of items.

2. IOA (Internet of agriculture, Internet of Agriculture)

The Internet of Agriculture is the Internet of Things that participates in automatic control through various instruments and meters in real-time display or as parameters of automatic control. It can provide a scientific basis for greenhouse regulation, and achieve the purpose of increasing production, improving quality, regulating the growth cycle, and improving economic benefits.

The general application of the agricultural Internet of Things is to form a monitoring network with a large number of sensor nodes, and collect information through various sensors to help farmers find problems in time, and accurately determine the location of the problem, so that agriculture will gradually change from manpower The production model that is centered and relies on isolated machinery is shifted to a production model centered on information and software, thereby making extensive use of various automated, intelligent, and remote-controlled production equipment.

3, IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things, Industrial Internet of Things)

Industrial Internet of Things is a collection of sensors or controllers with sensing and monitoring capabilities, as well as mobile communication, intelligent analysis and other technologies Continuously integrate into all links of the industrial production process, thereby greatly improving manufacturing efficiency, improving product quality, reducing product costs and resource consumption, and finally achieving a new stage of upgrading traditional industries to intelligence.

In terms of application form, the application of the Industrial Internet of Things has the characteristics of real-time, automation, embedded (software), security, and information interoperability.

4. Transducer/sensor (sensor)

is a detection device that can sense the measured information and transform the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms according to certain rules Information output to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control.

The characteristics of sensors include: miniaturization, digitization, intelligence, multifunction, systemization, and networking. It is the first link to realize automatic detection and automatic control. The existence and development of sensors give objects the sense of touch, taste and smell, and make objects slowly become alive. Generally, it is classified into heat-sensitive elements, photosensitive elements, gas-sensitive elements, force-sensitive elements, magnetic-sensitive elements, humidity-sensitive elements, acoustic elements, radiation-sensitive elements, color-sensitive elements, and taste-sensitive elements according to their basic sensing functions.

5, RS485 (TIA-485-A, ANSI/TIA/EIA-485 or TIA/EIA-485)

RS485 is a definition of the electrical characteristics of the driver and receiver in a balanced digital multipoint system The standard is defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association and the Electronics Industry Alliance. Digital communication networks using this standard can effectively transmit signals under long-distance conditions and in environments with high electronic noise. RS-485 makes it possible to connect to the local network and the configuration of multi-branch communication links.

In RS485 communication network, the master-slave communication method is generally adopted, that is, a master with multiple slaves.

6. Analog quantity (0-5V, 0-10V, 4-20mA signal output)

Analog quantity refers to the quantity that the variable changes continuously within a certain range; that is, within a certain range (definition domain) It can take any value (within the value range). The digital quantity is a discrete quantity, not a continuous change quantity, and can only take several discrete values, such as a binary digital variable can only take two values.

7, NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things, NB-IoT, Narrow Band Internet of Things)

NB-IoT is an important branch of the Internet of Everything, built on a cellular network, and only consumes about 180kHz The bandwidth can be directly deployed on the GSM network, UMTS network or LTE network to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrades.

It is an emerging technology in the IoT field, which supports the cellular data connection of low-power devices in the wide area network. It is also called low-power wide area network (LPWAN). NB-IoT supports efficient connection of devices with long standby time and high network connection requirements. It is said that the battery life of NB-IoT devices can be increased by at least 10 years, while also providing very comprehensive indoor cellular data connection coverage.

8. GPRS (General packet radio service, General Packet Radio Service)

GPRS is a wireless packet switching technology based on the GSM system, providing end-to-end, wide-area wireless IP connection. Compared with the original GSM dial-up circuit-switched data transmission method, GPRS is a packet-switched technology, which has the advantages of 'real-time onlineIn layman's terms, GPRS is a high-speed data processing technology. The method is to transmit data to users in the form of 'packets'. GPRS is a 2.5-generation communication technology for the transition from GSM network to the third-generation mobile communication system. It has significant advantages in many aspects.

The above is the common terminology compiled by the editor in this issue of the Internet of Things. We will see you in the next issue.

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