Which soil parameters are monitored by agricultural soil sensors? What's the effect?

Which soil parameters are monitored by agricultural soil sensors? what's the effect?
Soil is the main material basis for plants to survive. It can provide crops with the necessary water, fertilizer, heat, and air for their growth. This is mainly because the composition of soil includes organic matter, minerals, soil air, and soil moisture. Microorganisms, etc., minerals are the most basic substances, which can provide a variety of nutrients to plants. Organic matter can not only provide nutrients to plants, but also play a very important role in improving soil aggregate structure and physical and chemical properties, as well as water supply, water retention, temperature stabilization, and ventilation.

With the continuous advancement of society and the rapid development of science and technology, scientific soil testing and scientific fertilization have become a method recommended by large-scale agricultural planting. For soil testing, it is not just that it can detect the nutrients in the soil. There are many element indicators. Different soil testing instruments can be used to detect the soil indicators, so as to provide scientific data support for agricultural planting and production. The specific parameters that need to be monitored are: Which ones? What does it do?

1. Monitoring of soil moisture

Soil moisture is less, which will directly (decrease photosynthetic raw materials) or indirectly (close stomata, enzyme inactivation, etc.) to affect the decline of photosynthesis and become a major limitation of photosynthesis factor. The lack of water can also cause the death of crops, because the total volume of the soil gap is certain, and this part of the volume is occupied by water and air. So when there is too little water, the plant roots will not absorb enough water, and the plant's transpiration will cause the plant to lose a lot of water, which will cause the plant to lose its wilt. The root system is pulled and broken, causing plant death in severe cases. When there is too much water, the proportion of air is small, resulting in weakening of aerobic respiration of plant roots, and plant roots are forced to turn to anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration produces alcohol poisoning plant roots, causing root rot, and in severe cases, plant death.

To monitor soil moisture, you can use a soil moisture sensor to determine whether to irrigate or whether to stop irrigation in a timely manner through the data to ensure that the soil moisture is suitable for crop growth.

Second, monitoring of soil temperature

Suitable soil temperature is conducive to the growth of plants, too low or too high temperature is not conducive to the growth of plants. Crop seeds must germinate within a suitable soil temperature range. Within a certain temperature range, the higher the soil temperature, the faster the growth and development of crops, and the growth of different plants has different requirements for temperature.

By monitoring the soil temperature, the soil temperature can be kept within the suitable growth temperature range for crops to ensure the increase in crop production and income.

3. Monitoring of soil pH

Various plants have their own suitable soil acidity and alkalinity for their growth. Most plants cannot grow normally when the pH is too high or too low. Some diseases can only occur within a certain range of pH value, such as damping-off disease tends to occur on alkaline and neutral soil. Suitable soil acidity and alkalinity help the growth of agricultural products and reduce pests and diseases, so the monitoring of soil pH is very necessary.

4. Monitoring of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Nitrogen is the main component of protein, which plays an important role in the growth of stems and leaves and the development of fruits, and is the nutrient element most closely related to yield. Before the first panicle rapidly swells, the plant's absorption of nitrogen gradually increases.

Phosphorus fertilizer can promote tomato flower bud differentiation, early flowering and fruiting, promote seedling root growth and improve fruit quality. When phosphorus is deficient, the young shoots and roots grow slowly, the plants are short, the leaves are dark green, dull, and the back is purple.

Potassium can promote healthy plant stems, improve fruit quality, enhance plant cold resistance, increase fruit sugar and vitamin C content, as in the case of nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium deficiency symptoms first appear in old leaves. When the potassium supply is insufficient, carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed, photosynthesis is inhibited, and respiration is strengthened. Therefore, when potassium is lacking, the plant's resistance to stress is weakened, and the plant is vulnerable to disease, the fruit quality is reduced, and the coloring is poor.

It can be seen that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium play an important role in the growth of crops. Effective monitoring and timely regulation of the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil is of great significance for increasing crop production and income.

In order to measure the soil parameters accurately, it is very important to select the right methods and tools. With the development of science and technology, the application of measuring instruments such as soil moisture temperature sensors, soil pH sensors, and soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors in the field of soil detection provides important support for agricultural growers to manage land scientifically.

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